As carbon markets continue to evolve and play an increasingly important role in global climate action, understanding the mechanisms governing the generation, trading and use of carbon credits has become essential for businesses, investors and other stakeholders. With India taking significant steps towards establishing a structured domestic carbon market, it is important to understand both the global developments shaping these markets and the regulatory framework emerging in India.

Our Carbon Credits Handbook provides an overview of the evolution and fundamentals of carbon markets, including the distinction between regulated and voluntary carbon markets, the lifecycle and quality of carbon credits, and the key international developments under the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. It also examines India’s Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS), covering its institutional framework, compliance and offset mechanisms, trading regulations and the transition towards a unified Indian Carbon Market.

The handbook further explores the key legal and commercial considerations involved in Emission Reduction Purchase Agreements (ERPAs), including the rights and obligations of buyers and sellers. Designed as a practical reference for businesses, investors, project developers and legal professionals, this handbook aims to help stakeholders navigate the opportunities, regulatory developments and challenges shaping the carbon credits market in India and globally.